Congratulations on your plan to adopt a baby!
The decision to adopt with the help of an attorney (often called “independent” adoption) or with the help of a licensed agency is a personal one, and there is no right or wrong way to proceed. Any qualified adoption attorney or agency should be able to assist you with strategies or resources to find pregnant women who are contemplating placing their children for adoption. Though advertising by private parties in some states is prohibited, many adopters-to-be search on a national level, and there are some states that are open to you and/or to your service provider for advertising.
If you do choose to work with an attorney, I recommend that he or she specialize in adoption, preferably as a professional member of the American Academy of Adoption Attorneys. You will also take advantage of the services offered by a licensed agency to do your homestudy and also to counsel and advise the birthmother and (if appropriate) the birthfather.
As for the question of birthparent consent, each state has different requirements. If you adopt a baby from another state, you’ll need to work with your attorney or agency to make sure you comply with interstate regulations regarding adoptions.
It’s understandable that you (like all prospective adopters) are concerned about costs. Around the country, there’s a fair amount of variation as to how service providers set their fees. Some agencies work on a sliding scale based on client income. Other providers offer a “menu” of services that you pay for as you go. Still others charge an up-front retainer or initial fee, with the balance due later in the process. It’s important to research and compare the fees of any service providers you’re interested in. It’s also important for you to budget for certain additional costs that might be unknown at the beginning of your process—such as maternity-related expenses and interstate travel and interstate adoption. My experience is that most people adopting infants domestically pay in the range of $15,000 to $25,000 total for all their expenses, but there can be wide fluctuation (as low as $9,000, or up to $45,000 and higher), depending upon the circumstances.
Good luck to you!
Sara Lively, M.S.Ed., Independent Adoption Consultant & Coach
Adoption Paths
http://www.adoptionpaths.com